je, tu, il ਅਤੇ ils ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਇੱਕੋ ਜਿਹੇ ਸੁਣਦੇ ਹਨ — -e, -es ਅਤੇ -ent ਸਾਰੇ ਚੁੱਪ ਹਨ। ਸਿਰਫ਼ nous (-ons) ਅਤੇ vous (-ez) ਵੱਖਰੇ ਸੁਣਾਈ ਦਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ।
| Person | Presentnow, habits | Passé composécompleted past | Imparfaitongoing past | Futur procheabout to | Futur simplewill |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| je | fermesounds the same as another form in this tense | ai fermé | fermaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vais fermer | fermeraisounds the same as another form in this tense |
| tu | fermessounds the same as another form in this tense | as fermésounds the same as another form in this tense | fermaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vas fermersounds the same as another form in this tense | fermerassounds the same as another form in this tense |
| il/elle | fermesounds the same as another form in this tense | a fermésounds the same as another form in this tense | fermaitsounds the same as another form in this tense | va fermersounds the same as another form in this tense | fermerasounds the same as another form in this tense |
| nous | fermons | avons fermé | fermions | allons fermer | fermeronssounds the same as another form in this tense |
| vous | fermez | avez fermé | fermiez | allez fermer | fermerezsounds the same as another form in this tense |
| ils/elles | fermentsounds the same as another form in this tense | ont fermé | fermaientsounds the same as another form in this tense | vont fermer | fermerontsounds the same as another form in this tense |
Now, and habits. ferme covers both "I close" and "I am closeing" — French has no separate continuous form.
A completed past action. avoir conjugates and fermé does not — ai fermé.
An ongoing or habitual past. Built on the nous-present stem, so fermons gives you fermais.
About to happen. aller conjugates; fermer never moves — the easier future to produce under pressure.
Will happen. Built on fermer-, which is just the infinitive, so only the endings are new.
Three more forms worth knowing
Not among the five TEF/TCF-scored tenses above, but common past A1–A2.
Passé récentjust happened
| je | viens de fermer |
|---|---|
| tu | viens de fermer |
| il/elle | vient de fermer |
| nous | venons de fermer |
| vous | venez de fermer |
| ils/elles | viennent de fermer |
Impératifcommands — no je/il/ils form
| tu | ferme |
|---|---|
| nous | fermons |
| vous | fermez |
Gérondifwhile doing — one invariant form
en fermant
What this table tells you about fermer
The past participle is fermé, and it takes avoir in the passé composé — so it never changes shape, whoever the subject is. No agreement to remember here.
The futur simple is built on fermer-, which is just the infinitive — the endings are the whole story, nothing new to learn for this tense.
In both the present and the imparfait, je, tu, il/elle and ils/elles are one sound: ferme, fermes, ferment — indistinguishable spoken. Only nous and vous carry an audible ending.
The imparfait is built on the nous-present stem, so once you know fermons you already know fermais, fermait and fermaient. Futur proche keeps fermer untouched.