je, tu ਅਤੇ il ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਇੱਕੋ ਜਿਹੇ ਸੁਣਦੇ ਹਨ (-is, -is, -it)। ਬਹੁਵਚਨ ਵਿੱਚ -iss- ਸਾਫ਼ ਸੁਣਦਾ ਹੈ, ਇਹੀ ਫ਼ਰਕ ਹੈ।
| Person | Presentnow, habits | Passé composécompleted past | Imparfaitongoing past | Futur procheabout to | Futur simplewill |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| je | établissounds the same as another form in this tense | ai établi | établissaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vais établir | établiraisounds the same as another form in this tense |
| tu | établissounds the same as another form in this tense | as établisounds the same as another form in this tense | établissaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vas établirsounds the same as another form in this tense | établirassounds the same as another form in this tense |
| il/elle | établitsounds the same as another form in this tense | a établisounds the same as another form in this tense | établissaitsounds the same as another form in this tense | va établirsounds the same as another form in this tense | établirasounds the same as another form in this tense |
| nous | établissons | avons établi | établissions | allons établir | établironssounds the same as another form in this tense |
| vous | établissez | avez établi | établissiez | allez établir | établirezsounds the same as another form in this tense |
| ils/elles | établissent | ont établi | établissaientsounds the same as another form in this tense | vont établir | établirontsounds the same as another form in this tense |
Now, and habits. établis covers both "I establish" and "I am establishing" — French has no separate continuous form.
A completed past action. avoir conjugates and établi does not — ai établi.
An ongoing or habitual past. Built on the nous-present stem, so établissons gives you établissais.
About to happen. aller conjugates; établir never moves — the easier future to produce under pressure.
Will happen. Built on établir-, which is just the infinitive, so only the endings are new.
Three more forms worth knowing
Not among the five TEF/TCF-scored tenses above, but common past A1–A2.
Passé récentjust happened
| je | viens d'établir |
|---|---|
| tu | viens d'établir |
| il/elle | vient d'établir |
| nous | venons d'établir |
| vous | venez d'établir |
| ils/elles | viennent d'établir |
Impératifcommands — no je/il/ils form
| tu | établis |
|---|---|
| nous | établissons |
| vous | établissez |
Gérondifwhile doing — one invariant form
en établissant
What this table tells you about établir
The past participle is établi, and it takes avoir in the passé composé — so it never changes shape, whoever the subject is. No agreement to remember here.
The futur simple is built on établir-, which is just the infinitive — the endings are the whole story, nothing new to learn for this tense.
In the present, je, tu and il/elle are one sound: établis, établit — indistinguishable spoken. Only nous, vous and ils/elles carry an audible ending.
The imparfait is built on the nous-present stem, so once you know établissons you already know établissais, établissait and établissaient. Futur proche keeps établir untouched.