comprendre
to understandIrregularਇਹ ਕਿਰਿਆ ਨਿਯਮ ਨਹੀਂ ਮੰਨਦੀ — ਹਰ ਰੂਪ ਵੱਖਰਾ ਯਾਦ ਕਰਨਾ ਪੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
| Person | Presentnow, habits | Passé composécompleted past | Imparfaitongoing past | Futur procheabout to | Futur simplewill |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| je | comprendssounds the same as another form in this tense | ai compris | comprenaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vais comprendre | comprendraisounds the same as another form in this tense |
| tu | comprendssounds the same as another form in this tense | as comprissounds the same as another form in this tense | comprenaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vas comprendresounds the same as another form in this tense | comprendrassounds the same as another form in this tense |
| il/elle | comprendsounds the same as another form in this tense | a comprissounds the same as another form in this tense | comprenaitsounds the same as another form in this tense | va comprendresounds the same as another form in this tense | comprendrasounds the same as another form in this tense |
| nous | comprenons | avons compris | comprenions | allons comprendre | comprendronssounds the same as another form in this tense |
| vous | comprenez | avez compris | compreniez | allez comprendre | comprendrezsounds the same as another form in this tense |
| ils/elles | comprennent | ont compris | comprenaientsounds the same as another form in this tense | vont comprendre | comprendrontsounds the same as another form in this tense |
Now, and habits. comprends covers both "I understand" and "I am understanding" — French has no separate continuous form.
A completed past action. avoir conjugates and compris does not — ai compris.
An ongoing or habitual past. Built on the nous-present stem, so comprenons gives you comprenais.
About to happen. aller conjugates; comprendre never moves — the easier future to produce under pressure.
Will happen. Built on comprendr-, which is just the infinitive, so only the endings are new.
Three more forms worth knowing
Not among the five TEF/TCF-scored tenses above, but common past A1–A2.
Passé récentjust happened
| je | viens de comprendre |
|---|---|
| tu | viens de comprendre |
| il/elle | vient de comprendre |
| nous | venons de comprendre |
| vous | venez de comprendre |
| ils/elles | viennent de comprendre |
Impératifcommands — no je/il/ils form
| tu | comprends |
|---|---|
| nous | comprenons |
| vous | comprenez |
Gérondifwhile doing — one invariant form
en comprenant
What this table tells you about comprendre
The past participle is compris, and it takes avoir in the passé composé — so it never changes shape, whoever the subject is. No agreement to remember here.
The futur simple is built on comprendr-, which is just the infinitive — the endings are the whole story, nothing new to learn for this tense.
In the present, je, tu and il/elle are one sound: comprends, comprend — indistinguishable spoken. Only nous, vous and ils/elles carry an audible ending.
The imparfait is built on the nous-present stem, so once you know comprenons you already know comprenais, comprenait and comprenaient. Futur proche keeps comprendre untouched.