ਇਹ ਕਿਰਿਆ ਨਿਯਮ ਨਹੀਂ ਮੰਨਦੀ — ਹਰ ਰੂਪ ਵੱਖਰਾ ਯਾਦ ਕਰਨਾ ਪੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
| Person | Presentnow, habits | Passé composécompleted past | Imparfaitongoing past | Futur procheabout to | Futur simplewill |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| je | ai | ai eu | avaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vais avoir | auraisounds the same as another form in this tense |
| tu | assounds the same as another form in this tense | as eusounds the same as another form in this tense | avaissounds the same as another form in this tense | vas avoirsounds the same as another form in this tense | aurassounds the same as another form in this tense |
| il/elle | asounds the same as another form in this tense | a eusounds the same as another form in this tense | avaitsounds the same as another form in this tense | va avoirsounds the same as another form in this tense | aurasounds the same as another form in this tense |
| nous | avons | avons eu | avions | allons avoir | auronssounds the same as another form in this tense |
| vous | avez | avez eu | aviez | allez avoir | aurezsounds the same as another form in this tense |
| ils/elles | ont | ont eu | avaientsounds the same as another form in this tense | vont avoir | aurontsounds the same as another form in this tense |
Now, and habits. ai covers both "I have" and "I am haveing" — French has no separate continuous form.
A completed past action. avoir conjugates and eu does not — ai eu.
An ongoing or habitual past. Built on the nous-present stem, so avons gives you avais.
About to happen. aller conjugates; avoir never moves — the easier future to produce under pressure.
Will happen. Built on aur- — not the infinitive avoir. The conditional reuses this stem.
Three more forms worth knowing
Not among the five TEF/TCF-scored tenses above, but common past A1–A2.
Passé récentjust happened
| je | viens d'avoir |
|---|---|
| tu | viens d'avoir |
| il/elle | vient d'avoir |
| nous | venons d'avoir |
| vous | venez d'avoir |
| ils/elles | viennent d'avoir |
Impératifcommands — no je/il/ils form
| tu | aie |
|---|---|
| nous | ayons |
| vous | ayez |
Gérondifwhile doing — one invariant form
en ayant
What this table tells you about avoir
The past participle is eu, and it takes avoir in the passé composé — so it never changes shape, whoever the subject is. No agreement to remember here.
The futur simple is built on aur-, which is not the infinitive avoir. This stem has to be learned, and it is the same one the conditional uses later.
In the present, passé composé, futur proche and futur simple, tu and il/elle are one sound: as, a — indistinguishable spoken. Only je, nous, vous and ils/elles carry an audible ending.
The imparfait is built on the nous-present stem, so once you know avons you already know avais, avait and avaient. Futur proche keeps avoir untouched.
Worth knowing about avoir
Use avoir, never être, to express age and physical sensations in French; J'ai vingt-cinq ans (I am twenty-five), J'ai faim (I am hungry), J'ai froid (I am cold). This construction is obligatory and differs fundamentally from English.
The present-tense forms (ai, as, a, avons, avez, ont) show stem fusion from multiple historical roots with no transparent derivation from the infinitive avoir.
J'ai trente ans et j'ai peur de parler en public.
I am thirty years old and I am afraid to speak in public.
ਮੈਂ ਤੀਹ ਸਾਲ ਦਾ ਹਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਮੈਂ ਜਨਤਾ ਦੇ ਸਾਹਮਣੇ ਗੱਲ ਕਰਨ ਤੋਂ ਡਰਦਾ ਹਾਂ।